Vikings were seafaring Norse people from the Scandinavian region (modern-day Denmark, Norway, and Sweden) who primarily lived during the late eighth to early eleventh centuries. They are known for their distinct maritime culture, which included exploration, trading, raiding, and settling in various parts of Europe, Asia, and even North America. The term “Viking” specifically refers to individuals who engaged in these activities, primarily in the context of raiding.
Vikings are recognized for their longships, which were advanced vessels allowing them to navigate open seas and shallow rivers. Their voyages resulted in the establishment of settlements, such as those in Iceland, Greenland, and Newfoundland, known as Vinland. Besides their martial prowess, Vikings were also skilled traders and craftsmen, contributing to cultural exchanges across different regions.
The Viking Age is characterized by significant developments in their society, including the establishment of trade networks, the integration of Christianity, and the formation of kingdoms. The legacy of the Vikings is evident in many modern cultural references and historical studies, highlighting their influence on European history, exploration, and trade.